Fraser fir is a high elevation species that occupies many of the highest peaks of the southern Appalachians in the states of North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. The species occurs naturally at elevations from 1350 m to the highest peaks (2037 mat Mt. Mitchell). At the lower elevations Fraser fir is found in mixed stands with red spruce, but at the highest elevations Fraser fir predominates.
At elevations as low as 1 OOOm Fraser fir is grown commercially as a highly prized Christmas tree. North Carolina ranks first in the nation in Fraser fir production, and produces 15% of the nation's total Christmas tree crop. An estimated 34 million Fraser fir trees are grown on 23,000 acres in western North Carolina. Cash receipts range from $71.2 million to $100 million annually. Ofthe over 1500 Christmas tree farmers in western North Carolina, two-thirds have less than 10 acres in production. Tennessee and Virginia also have a significant Christmas tree industry.




Imagine if small families of mastodons lived in isolated areas on mountaintops. People would think such creatures were very special and that it was remarkable, possibly miraculous, that these animals from ancient times were living in our present age. A subspecies as old as mastodons lives today in isolated clusters atop the central Appalachian Mountains in the highest elevations of West Virginia and adjacent Highland County, Virginia. A relic of former ages when the earth was very different, the West Virginia northern flying squirrel was isolated from the northern flying squirrel species when ice sheets covering North America receded about 10,000 years ago.
